NSAIDs and Cyclooxygenase-1 (COX-1) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitions

Aspirin and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) inhibit cyclooxygenase to inhibit prostaglandin synthesis.

Cyclooxygenase-1 inhibition
- reduce platelet aggregation
- unwanted effects mainly on gastrointestinal and kidney
- associated with gastrointestinal toxicity

Cyclooxygenase-2 inhibition
- anti-inflammatory, analgesic and antipyretic effects

• Thus, using NSAIDs with specific Cyclooxygenase-2 inhibition will decrease gastrointestinal irritation.
• But it is better to avoid the usage of NSAIDs (if possible).