Differences between Crohn’s Disease with Ulcerative Colitis

Crohn’s disease:

• affecting colon and ileum
• affecting mucosa, submucosa and muscularis
• skip lesion distribution
• deep linear ulcers
• granulomas present (50%)
• fistula present
• there are fat and vitamins malabsorption
• responses to surgery is poor

Ulcerative colitis

• affecting colon
• affecting mucosa and submucosa
• diffuse distribution
• superficial ulcers
• no granuloma
• no fistula
• no fat and vitamins malabsorption
• response to surgery is good

Some causes of sudden pallor

• Fainting / Syncope (temporary loss of consciousness due to a sudden decline in blood flow to the brain)
• Shock (Severe condition from reduced blood circulation)
• Motion sickness (condition in which a disagreement exists between visually perceived movement and the vestibular system's sense of movement causing nausea)
• Heart attack
• Arrhythmia
• Hypoglycemic attack
• Severe gastroenteritis (severe inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract)
• Stomach upset
• Acute blood disorder
• Leukemia (cancer of the blood cells, usually white blood cells)
• Clotting disorder

Functions of Prostaglandin

• cause constriction or dilation in vascular smooth muscle cells
• cause aggregation or disaggregation of platelets
• sensitize spinal neurons to pain
• decrease intraocular pressure
• regulate inflammatory mediation
• regulate calcium movement
• control hormone regulation
• control cell growth

Causes of mucous in stool

Abdominal Cancer

Andrade's syndrome
- a hereditary form of amyloidosis with accumulation of amyloid in organs and tissues of the body

Bowel Obstruction

Colitis
- a chronic digestive disease characterized by inflammation of the colon
- auto-immune affecting the tissue that lines the gastrointestinal system.
- classed as an inflammatory bowel disease (IBD)

Cystic Fibrosis
- a hereditary disease affecting the exocrine (mucus) glands of the lungs, liver, pancreas, and intestines

Dysentery
- an infection of the digestive system that results in severe diarrhea containing mucus and blood in the feces

Shigellosis
- known as bacillary dysentery

Hemorrhagic proctocolitis
- inflammation of the rectum and colon

Irritable bowel syndrome
- a functional bowel disorder characterized by mild to severe abdominal pain, discomfort, bloating and alteration of bowel habits
- caused by psychosomatic illness, immune reaction, active infections
- not to be confused with inflammatory bowel disease.

Pelvic abscess
- caused by infections, appendicitis, diverticulitis etc
- commonly follows acute appendicitis or after gynaecological infections.

Pelvic lipomatosis
- a benign overgrowth of adipose tissue with a small amount of inflammatory and fibrotic component

Proctitis
- inflammation of the anus and the lining of the rectum

Pseudomembranous Colitis
- infection of the colon